2^nd International Congress on Forensic Science and Psychology October 12-13, 2017 London, UK

Forensic psychology  is a study to  analyse  a rapidly growing discipline professionally practiced by psychologists within the areas of clinical psychology, counselling psychology, school psychology, Forensic statistics  and they are engaged as experts and represent themselves in  an activity primarily intended to provide professional psychological expertise to the judicial system.

Forensic psychiatry is a sub-speciality and is related to criminology. A forensic psychiatrist provides services – such as determination of competency to stand trial – to facilitate the adjudicative process to the court and provide treatment like medications and psychotherapy to criminals.

Forensic medicine is the science that deals with the application of medical Knowledge to legal questions. It  was recognized as a specialty early in the 19th century. The primary tool of forensic medicine has always been the autopsy. A  detailed information about the type of weapon used by examining the importance of contextual information by the forensic pathologist. In case of death, caused by a weapon to identify the dead, autopsies are used to conduct /determine the cause of death. A major factor in the identification of victims of disaster, such as landslide or plane crash. In cause of death determinations a forensic pathologists can significantly affect the outcome of trials dealing with insurance and inheritance.

Toxicology is a study effects on the drugs and chemicals on biological systems. It deals with the application of toxicology to cases and issues where those effects have administrative or medico‐legal consequences, and the results are likely to be used in court. It is a modern science, based on published and widely accepted scientific methods and practices, for both analysis of drugs in biological materials, and interpretation of those results. Many of the  employs have been derived from innovations in clinical medicine and academic laboratories throughout the world. Forensic toxicologists work with pathologists and coroners is to establish the role of alcohol, drugs and poisons in the causation of death. The presence of drugs and chemicals in blood and tissue samples were identified by the toxicologist. Pharmacology is the study of  medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action, where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made, natural and endogenous (from within body) molecule which exerts a biochemical and/or physiological effect on the organisms (sometimes the word pharmacon  is used as a term to encompassthese endogenous and exogenous bioactive species).

A forensic geneticist is a scientist who analyses blood, fluids and tissue samples to extract the DNA for identification. This professional spends a lot of time in laboratories and might collaborate with teams of other scientists or law enforcement professionals. The application of biology to law enforcement includes the subtypes like forensic anthropology, forensic botany, forensic entomology, forensic odontology and various DNA or protein based techniques.

Forensic Pathology  focuses on determining the cause of death by examining a corpse. Forensic pathologists and the medical examiners are specially trained physicians who examine the bodies of people who dies unexpectedly or violently. The forensic pathologist is responsible for determining the cause (the ultimate and immediate reasons for the cessation of life) and manner of death (homicide, suicide, accidental, natural or unknown).

Forensic chemistry is the application of chemistry and its subfield in a legal setting of forensic toxicology. A forensic chemist can assist in the identification of unknown materials found at a crime scene. The range of different methods is important to the destructive nature of some instruments and the number of possible unknown substances that can be found at a scene. Forensic chemists used to prefer non-destructive methods first and to preserve evidence to determine which destructive methods will produce the best results.

Forensic criminology is the scientific study of crime.  In the Professionals fields to identify and predict psychological, sociological and economic characteristics that may leads to the  people to commit crimes.  Criminal psychology  is also referred to be a  criminological psychology is the study the wills, thoughts, intentions and reactions of criminals  behaviour. It is related to what makes someone commit a crime, but also the reactions after the crime, on the run or in court. Criminal psychologists  often called up as witnesses in court cases to help the jury understand the mind of the criminal. Some types of Psychiatry also deals with the aspects of criminal behaviours. Psychiatrists and psychologists are licensed professionals that can assess both mental and physical states.  If an offender is competent to trial whether or not an offender to be sane/insane at the time of the offense. The question of competency to stand trial is a question of an offender’s current state of mind. The offender’s has ability to understand the charge against them, the possible outcomes of being convicted/acquitted of these charges and their ability to assist their attorney with their defence. The question of sanity/insanity or criminal responsibility is an assessment of the offender’s state of mind at the time of the crime.

Criminological human science is the use of hypothesis, research, and practices to the legitimate, law authorization, and remedial establishments, and their effect all through society. The field concentrates on smaller scale and full scale parts of social legal sciences and wrongdoing designs, and in addition mediations.

They direct research and break down information to enable law authorization to better comprehend the propensities of those prone to carry out violations. Not at all like legal analysts, who concentrate on the mental limit of offenders, is legal sociologist focus now on how society impacts criminal conduct.

Forensic nursing  is a grounded practice in the rich bio-psycho-social-spiritual education of registered nurses and the use of nursing process to diagnose and treat individuals, families, and communities affected by violence and trauma. The systems that respond to the Forensic nursing targets for the management and prevention of intentional and unintentional injuries in a global community. The forensic nurse collaborates with the agents in healthcare, social and legal systems to investigate the clinical presentations and pathologies by evaluating intentional or unintentional physical and psychological injury; describing the scientific relationships between injury and evidence; and interpreting the associated or influencing factors.

Forensic Mental Health is characterized all the more comprehensively is a region of specialization that, in the criminal circle, includes the appraisal and treatment of the individuals who are both rationally confused and whose conduct has driven, or could lead, to culpable. In the common circle scientific emotional wellness has a more unpredictable dispatch, not exclusively being included in the evaluation and treatment of the individuals who have possibly compensatable wounds additionally giving guidance to courts and tribunals on competency and limit. The papers in this extraordinary segment of the Journal will concentrate on the criminological psychological well-being proficient's exercises related specifically to rough and criminal conduct.

Characterizing legal psychiatry as far as the evaluation and treatment of the rationally unusual guilty party portrays a territory of worry that could conceivably immerse quite a bit of emotional wellness. Irritating conduct is basic in the entire group, and among youths it approaches the general. Indeed, even criminal feelings are spread generally through society and considerably more broadly among individuals with mental disarranges (Taylor and Gunn, 1984; Hodgins, 1993; Wessely, 1997; Wallace et al, 1998). The fringes of scientific psychological well-being need a clearer marker than hostile conduct, or even criminal feelings among individuals with mental scatters. Such limits are being characterized and reclassified in the present period of fast change and improvement that is grasping scientific psychological well-being administrations all through the Western World.

Untamed life criminology is a generally new field of criminal examination. Its will likely utilize logical systems to look at, distinguish, and think about proof from wrongdoing scenes, and to interface this confirmation with a suspect and a casualty, which is particularly a creature. Murdering wild creatures that are shielded from chasing by laws, additionally called poaching, is a standout amongst the most genuine violations explored by natural life criminological researchers. Different violations against natural life incorporate purchasing and offering secured creatures and purchasing and offering items produced using ensured creatures.

The universal association that screens exchange wild creatures and plants is the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which was set up in 1963 and, starting at 2004, incorporates 167 part nations. In the United States, the Endangered Species Act, which was approved in 1973, ensures imperiled and undermined species and the U.S. Branch of Fish and Wildlife has the specialist to arraign infringement against ensured species. Trent University in Ontario, Canada houses one of the biggest natural life DNA criminology divisions in North America, consolidating a to a great degree dynamic research office.

Computerized legal sciences (here and there known as advanced criminological science) is a branch of scientific science incorporating the recuperation and examination of material found in computerized gadgets, regularly in connection to PC crime? The term computerized criminology was initially utilized as an equivalent word for PC legal sciences yet has extended to cover examination of all gadgets fit for putting away advanced data. With establishes in the individualized computing insurgency of the late 1970s and mid-1980s, the train developed in a heedless way amid the 1990s, and it was not until the mid-21st century that national strategies rose.

Computerized crime scene investigation examinations have an assortment of uses. The most well-known is to help or invalidate a theory before criminal or common (as a feature of the electronic disclosure handle) courts. Crime scene investigation may likewise include in the private part, for example, amid inner corporate examinations or interruption examination (a pro test into the nature and degree of an unapproved organize interruption).

The specialized part of an examination is partitioned into a few sub-branches, identifying with the sort of advanced gadgets included; PC criminology, arrange legal sciences, measurable information investigation and cell phone legal sciences. The regular criminological process envelops the seizure, legal imaging (securing) and examination of computerized media and the creation of a report into gathered confirmation.

And in addition distinguishing direct confirmation of a wrongdoing, computerized crime scene investigation can be utilized to ascribe proof to particular suspects, affirm plausible excuses or articulations, decide aim, recognize sources (for instance, in copyright cases), or verify archives. Examinations are significantly more extensive in scope than different ranges of scientific investigation (where the typical point is to give answers to a progression of more straightforward inquiries) regularly including complex timetables or theories.

Scientific humanities are the use of the anatomical exploration of human sciences and its different subfields, including measurable antiquarianism and criminological taphonomy, in a legitimate setting. A scientific anthropologist can aid the recognizable proof of expired people whose remaining parts are disintegrated, consumed, disfigured or generally unrecognizable, as might occur in a plane crash. Measurable anthropologists are additionally instrumental to the examination and documentation of genocide and mass graves. Alongside scientific pathologists, measurable dental specialists, and manslaughter agents, Criminological Anthropologists generally affirm in court as master witnesses. Utilizing physical markers exhibit on a skeleton, a scientific anthropologist can possibly decide a casualty's age, sex, stature, and family line. Notwithstanding recognizing physical qualities of the individual, criminological anthropologists can utilize skeletal variations from the norm to possibly decide reason for death, past injury, for example, broken bones or medicinal methods, and in addition infections, for example, bone tumor.

The techniques used to personality a man from a skeleton depends on the past commitments of different anthropologists and the investigation of human skeletal contrasts. Through the accumulation of thousands of examples and the investigation of contrasts inside a populace, estimations can be made in view of physical attributes. Through these, an arrangement of remains can possibly be recognized. The field of measurable humanities developed amid the twentieth century into a completely perceived legal forte including prepared anthropologists and also various research establishments gathering information on decay and the impacts it can have on the skeleton.

Forensic Victimology as a field of scientific study in victims for the purposes of addressing investigative and forensic issues. It involves the investigation of facts accurate, critical, and objective outlining of a victim’s lifestyles and circumstances, the events leading up to an injury, and the precise nature of any harm or loss suffered. The term Victimology was first appeared in 1949 in a book about murderers written by forensic psychiatrist Fredric Wertham.

Forensic analytical chemistry is  to defined the  analytical chemistry as it pertains to law. We recently taught a course that covered many facets of forensic sciences such as drug analysis, toxicology, trace analysis, arson analysis, and DNA/serology. Guest lecturers were used to cover topics such as methods in crime scene investigation, the studies involves the trace evidence, and the role of the forensic pathologist. The material was presented to illustrate "real world" applications of analytical chemistry. Forensic chemistry is subjected to serves as a palette from which we can stimulate the interests and abilities of our students. With the backdrop of forensic decision-making, the real world relevance of chemical measurements is obvious to students.

The modern forensic science can differentiate trace element and organic materials down to the level of merely a few hundred molecules. Forensic science plays an effective role in solving the complicated and unsolved cases. There are various kinds of laws and regulation which fight against the crimes in the society. Crime is both social and economic phenomenon, by which whole human society gets distressed. The nature of the crime has been also changing and diversifying with the growth and development of the society. The applications of science and technology to detect and investigate the crime and administration of justice are not new to India. The term forensic is derived from the Latin word forensis which belongs to courts of justice or public discussion and debate. It therefore means the science which is used for justices “CRIMINALISTICS”. In spite of many people are not aware from the science to plays an important role in the identification of crime and criminals. The area of its operation is quite wide and comprehensive .In its application to the administration of law, it is known as “Forensic Science”.